In the production of iron ore concentrate pellets, binders are required to improve pellet green strength. The most popular binder for this purpose is bentonite clay, which is added at a rate of approximately % by weight of moist concentrate. Bentonite is a significant cost item in iron ore pelletization, and also contributes undesirable amounts of silica to the finished pellets.
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Bentonite is the most common binder in iron ore pelletization. In the present work, laboratory experiment as well as basket trials were carried out with partial replacement of bentonite by flyash as a binder. Flyash is a coal combustion residue produced from power plants.
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Pellets from the concentrates with the composition given in Table 1 and fluxes were chosen as objects of rocks with the comparable content of CO 2, 43 ± 2%, were used as dosage was chosen to achieve the cementsand ratio B 2 = CaO/SiO 2 of and The amount of binder (bentonite powder) in all the experiments was taken % (dry weight).
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In order to pelletize iron ore fines and/or concentrate, a binder is needed. Binder selection can vary from process to process depending on the unique goals of the project at hand, but bentonite clay is a common choice for iron ore. Various additives may also be included with the feedstock to improve performance in the blast furnace.
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Humic substancebased binder (HB) has been found to be an effective substitution for bentonite in the production of iron ore pellets. In this study, it was found that the preheating time needed to be prolonged during the pelletization processing which is a remarkable feature of pellets with HB instead of bentonite.
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A laboratory study was carried out to characterize the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of lime fluxed (varying basicity 02) hematite iron ore pellets. Lime was used as additive as well as fluxing agent for making iron ore pellets. The effect of additives on different properties of pellets was studied. The findings show that on increasing the addition of lime, more of calcium ...
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This study illustrates the feasibility of pelletizing magnetite iron ore concentrate using four organic binders: KemPel, Alcotac CS, Alcotac FE16, and CMC, in comparison to bentonite as a reference.
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Yet, bentonite does not undergo any such chemical reactions within pellets. Instead, bentonite physically binds to iron ore particles. Bentonite additionally controls excess water within the pellet. Sodium bentonite in particular can absorb around 900% PWA, allowing pelletization moistures to remain considerably more consistent than without binder.
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Iron ore pellets are essential inputs for producing direct reduced iron (DRI), but the conventional binders, used in iron ore pelletizing, introduce gangue oxides to the DRI and consequently increase the slag generation and energy consumption in the steelmaking unit.
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A brief introduction to recent developments in iron ore pelletizing is provided in this chapter, including the world output of fired pellets, pellet production processes, preparation of pellet feed, inorganic and organic binders, and new additives.
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Historically, bentonite has been used in the agglomeration process in North American iron ore plants. In 1986, Eveleth Mines replaced bentonite with Peridur, a carboxy methyl cellulose organic binder used in conjunction with 1% limestone. Since May of 1993, Allied Colloids` Alcotac FE8 has been used by Eveleth as the replacement for bentonite.
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The functions and molecular structure of organic binders for iron ore pelletization have been investigated in this paper based on the basic principles of molecular design, interface chemistry and polymer science as well as failure model of binding systems. The following conclusions are achieved. Functionally, good organic binders for iron ore ...
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Bentonite is the traditionally used binder in iron ore pelletization. However, it consists of up to 85% silica and alumina which are undesired acidic gangue in ironmaking.
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ABSTRACT Humic substances exist widely in lignite coal as high molecular weight organic molecules. They can be used as binders in iron ore pelletization mostly in the form of salt, such as sodium humate and amine humate via extraction from lignite coal. It is worth determining if lignite can be used as a binder without extraction. As a composite binder of organic and inorganics, due to the ...
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binders added to bentonite, to form a hybridbinder system for Iron Ore Pelletization. The kinetics of the agglomeration process and resulting properties of green pellets
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The goals stemming from the final reduction process are drawn back through the pelletization process to present a clear rationale for why each material can be used to control the pellet quality. Major inorganic binders such as bentonite, colemanite, and lime are examined along with less commonly used alternatives.
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In the pelletization process, the iron ore fines are converted into green pellets using drum or disc pelletizer, wherein binder and moisture are added to provide the necessary green strength. The green pellets being fragile are subsequently transferred to induration furnace, wherein the green pellets get fired to achieve the desired properties ...
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Comparison Between High Pressure Frozen Iron OreBentonite Slurry and Plunge Frozen Iron Ore Pellet. A similar microstructure was found for bentonite in the high pressure frozen iron orebentonite slurry, as shown in Figure 3a, close to a large magnetite particle corresponding to the bright region on the lefthand side of the expected, the microstructure of welldispersed smectite ...
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What Is Iron Ore Pelletization Process. ... The next step involves grinding this dried residue, with the addition of Bentonite which is a binder chemical. This concentrate is then passed through a specialized machine, known as a disc pelletizer, that helps form standardsized pellets. Once pellets are formed they are hardened under high ...
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For pelletization study, as received iron oxide pellet fines were ground to below 150 μ using ball mill. The particle size distribution of ground iron ore fines was determined by the Malvern particle size analyzer (Hydro 2000MU, UK) and shown in Fig. number was measured to determine surface area of the iron oxide pellet fines using air permeability apparatus (Model 6565, ToniPERM ...
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Bentonite is a predominant binder used in iron ore pelletization. However, the presence of a high content of silica and alumina in bentonite is considered undesirable for ironmaking operations. The objective of this study was to identify the alternatives of bentonite for iron ore pelletization. To achieve this goal, different types of organic and inorganic binders were utilized to produce iron ...
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Arrium Australia 440 Iron Ore. The pelletizing process involves the preparation of ra w materials; the proportioning. and mixing of raw materials; the formation, preheating, and ...
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ABSTRACT This part reviews the goals of introducing organic binders into iron ore pelletization. Organic binders present a relatively small number of unique binding options but provide an extraordinary amount of flexibility in how to apply them. The key factors that lead into an effective organic binder are good dispersion into the iron ore, the ability to maintain the dispersion of the iron ...
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A material supplier from Belgium would like to produce limestone powder for his custome...
India is rich in various mineral resources and it is an important mineral processing market
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